Revelation 12:10–12 IN these verses, we have the song of the glorified martyrs when Satan is cast out of heaven. (1) Satan appears as the greatest of all accusers; Satan, as H. B. Swete put it, is ‘the cynical libeller of all that God has made’. According to the nineteenth-century French theologian Joseph Ernest Renan, he is ‘the malevolent critic of creation’. Satan stands for the sleepless vigilance of evil against good. The historical background of the age in which
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